Kurvelo

Endometrial Hyperplasia, Endometriosis, Hot flashes + 6 more

Treatment

7 FDA approvals

20 Active Studies for Kurvelo

What is Kurvelo

Levonorgestrel

The Generic name of this drug

Treatment Summary

Levonorgestrel (LNG) is a progestin hormone used for contraception, hormonal therapy, and emergency contraception. It’s most commonly known as Plan B and is available as a single agent or an intrauterine device (IUD). It can also be found in long-term combination contraceptives and as a subdermal implant that slowly releases the hormone over a long-term period. Levonorgestrel is the most widely used type of emergency contraceptive and was approved by the FDA in 1982. It is highly effective, with less estrogenic side effects than older emergency contraceptive regimens.

Triphasil-21

is the brand name

Kurvelo Overview & Background

Brand Name

Generic Name

First FDA Approval

How many FDA approvals?

Triphasil-21

Levonorgestrel

1984

243

Approved as Treatment by the FDA

Levonorgestrel, also known as Triphasil-21, is approved by the FDA for 7 uses including Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal and Hot flashes .

Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal

Used to treat Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in combination with Estradiol

Hot flashes

Used to treat Menopause in combination with Estradiol

Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Used to treat Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in combination with Estradiol

Menopause

Used to treat severe Vasomotor Symptoms Associated With Menopause in combination with Estradiol

moderate Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms

Used to treat moderate Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms in combination with Estradiol

Has had at least 1 child

Emergency Contraception

Effectiveness

How Kurvelo Affects Patients

Levonorgestrel is a contraceptive used to prevent pregnancy. When taken as a pill within 72 hours of having unprotected sex, it is 89% effective. Devices containing levonorgestrel, such as intrauterine and implantable devices, are more than 99% effective in preventing pregnancy. It can also be used as part of hormone therapy to prevent endometrial cancer caused by taking estrogen alone.

How Kurvelo works in the body

Levonorgestrel is a hormone commonly used in oral contraceptives. It works by blocking the release of hormones that cause ovulation and thickening cervical mucus to stop sperm from entering the uterus. It can also be used to decrease the risk of endometrial cancer when combined with estrogen therapy. The exact mechanism of action of levonorgestrel is not completely understood.

When to interrupt dosage

The advised dosage of Kurvelo is contingent upon the determined condition, including Endometrial Hyperplasia, Emergency Contraception and Hypermenorrhea. The measure of dosage fluctuates, per the technique of delivery specified in the table beneath.

Condition

Dosage

Administration

Endometriosis

, 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 52.0 mg, 1.39 mg, 0.15 mg, 0.1 mg, 36.0 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.125 mg, 0.075 mg, 13.5 mg, 0.09 mg, 1.5 mg/mg, 19.5 mg, 0.0015 mg/hour, 0.03 mg, 0.05 mg, 0.45 mg, 2.6 mg, 0.3 mg

Oral, Kit - Oral, , Kit, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, Intrauterine device - Intrauterine, Intrauterine device, Intrauterine, Transdermal, Patch, Patch - Transdermal, Insert, extended release, Insert, extended release - Intrauterine, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Implant, Implant - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Hot flashes

, 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 52.0 mg, 1.39 mg, 0.15 mg, 0.1 mg, 36.0 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.125 mg, 0.075 mg, 13.5 mg, 0.09 mg, 1.5 mg/mg, 19.5 mg, 0.0015 mg/hour, 0.03 mg, 0.05 mg, 0.45 mg, 2.6 mg, 0.3 mg

Oral, Kit - Oral, , Kit, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, Intrauterine device - Intrauterine, Intrauterine device, Intrauterine, Transdermal, Patch, Patch - Transdermal, Insert, extended release, Insert, extended release - Intrauterine, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Implant, Implant - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Emergency Contraception

, 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 52.0 mg, 1.39 mg, 0.15 mg, 0.1 mg, 36.0 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.125 mg, 0.075 mg, 13.5 mg, 0.09 mg, 1.5 mg/mg, 19.5 mg, 0.0015 mg/hour, 0.03 mg, 0.05 mg, 0.45 mg, 2.6 mg, 0.3 mg

Oral, Kit - Oral, , Kit, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, Intrauterine device - Intrauterine, Intrauterine device, Intrauterine, Transdermal, Patch, Patch - Transdermal, Insert, extended release, Insert, extended release - Intrauterine, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Implant, Implant - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal

, 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 52.0 mg, 1.39 mg, 0.15 mg, 0.1 mg, 36.0 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.125 mg, 0.075 mg, 13.5 mg, 0.09 mg, 1.5 mg/mg, 19.5 mg, 0.0015 mg/hour, 0.03 mg, 0.05 mg, 0.45 mg, 2.6 mg, 0.3 mg

Oral, Kit - Oral, , Kit, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, Intrauterine device - Intrauterine, Intrauterine device, Intrauterine, Transdermal, Patch, Patch - Transdermal, Insert, extended release, Insert, extended release - Intrauterine, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Implant, Implant - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Menorrhagia

, 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 52.0 mg, 1.39 mg, 0.15 mg, 0.1 mg, 36.0 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.125 mg, 0.075 mg, 13.5 mg, 0.09 mg, 1.5 mg/mg, 19.5 mg, 0.0015 mg/hour, 0.03 mg, 0.05 mg, 0.45 mg, 2.6 mg, 0.3 mg

Oral, Kit - Oral, , Kit, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, Intrauterine device - Intrauterine, Intrauterine device, Intrauterine, Transdermal, Patch, Patch - Transdermal, Insert, extended release, Insert, extended release - Intrauterine, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Implant, Implant - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Has had at least 1 child

, 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 52.0 mg, 1.39 mg, 0.15 mg, 0.1 mg, 36.0 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.125 mg, 0.075 mg, 13.5 mg, 0.09 mg, 1.5 mg/mg, 19.5 mg, 0.0015 mg/hour, 0.03 mg, 0.05 mg, 0.45 mg, 2.6 mg, 0.3 mg

Oral, Kit - Oral, , Kit, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, Intrauterine device - Intrauterine, Intrauterine device, Intrauterine, Transdermal, Patch, Patch - Transdermal, Insert, extended release, Insert, extended release - Intrauterine, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Implant, Implant - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Endometrial Hyperplasia

, 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 52.0 mg, 1.39 mg, 0.15 mg, 0.1 mg, 36.0 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.125 mg, 0.075 mg, 13.5 mg, 0.09 mg, 1.5 mg/mg, 19.5 mg, 0.0015 mg/hour, 0.03 mg, 0.05 mg, 0.45 mg, 2.6 mg, 0.3 mg

Oral, Kit - Oral, , Kit, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, Intrauterine device - Intrauterine, Intrauterine device, Intrauterine, Transdermal, Patch, Patch - Transdermal, Insert, extended release, Insert, extended release - Intrauterine, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Implant, Implant - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Menopause

, 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 52.0 mg, 1.39 mg, 0.15 mg, 0.1 mg, 36.0 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.125 mg, 0.075 mg, 13.5 mg, 0.09 mg, 1.5 mg/mg, 19.5 mg, 0.0015 mg/hour, 0.03 mg, 0.05 mg, 0.45 mg, 2.6 mg, 0.3 mg

Oral, Kit - Oral, , Kit, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, Intrauterine device - Intrauterine, Intrauterine device, Intrauterine, Transdermal, Patch, Patch - Transdermal, Insert, extended release, Insert, extended release - Intrauterine, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Implant, Implant - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

moderate Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms

, 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 52.0 mg, 1.39 mg, 0.15 mg, 0.1 mg, 36.0 mg, 0.25 mg, 0.125 mg, 0.075 mg, 13.5 mg, 0.09 mg, 1.5 mg/mg, 19.5 mg, 0.0015 mg/hour, 0.03 mg, 0.05 mg, 0.45 mg, 2.6 mg, 0.3 mg

Oral, Kit - Oral, , Kit, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, Intrauterine device - Intrauterine, Intrauterine device, Intrauterine, Transdermal, Patch, Patch - Transdermal, Insert, extended release, Insert, extended release - Intrauterine, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, film coated, Implant, Implant - Subcutaneous, Subcutaneous

Warnings

Kurvelo has forty-three contraindications, so it should not be taken in conjunction with any of the conditions detailed in the following table.

Kurvelo Contraindications

Condition

Risk Level

Notes

Abortion, Septic

Do Not Combine

undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding

Do Not Combine

Abortion, Spontaneous

Do Not Combine

HCG elevated

Do Not Combine

Pelvic Infection

Do Not Combine

Vaginitis

Do Not Combine

Acute Coryza

Do Not Combine

Breast Neoplasms

Do Not Combine

Uterine Cervicitis

Do Not Combine

Communicable Diseases

Do Not Combine

Gonorrhea

Do Not Combine

Breast Cancer

Do Not Combine

Intrauterine Devices

Do Not Combine

Liver Neoplasms

Do Not Combine

congenital or aquired uterine abnormality

Do Not Combine

Chlamydia Infections

Do Not Combine

Hypersensitivity

Do Not Combine

Emergency Contraception

Do Not Combine

Endocarditis, Bacterial

Do Not Combine

Vaginosis, Bacterial

Do Not Combine

suspected pregnancy

Do Not Combine

Uterine Cervicitis

Do Not Combine

Uterine Neoplasms

Do Not Combine

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Do Not Combine

Breast Neoplasms

Do Not Combine

Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Do Not Combine

Fibroid Tumor

Do Not Combine

Endometritis

Do Not Combine

chlamydial cervical infection

Do Not Combine

PAP Test Abnormalities

Do Not Combine

Liver Failure, Acute

Do Not Combine

Uterine anomaly distorting uterine cavity

Do Not Combine

Breast Cancer

Do Not Combine

Cervical Dysplasia

Do Not Combine

Thromboembolism

Do Not Combine

Bacterial Vaginosis

Do Not Combine

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Do Not Combine

Breast

Do Not Combine

Vaginal Bleeding

Do Not Combine

Bacterial Vaginosis

Do Not Combine

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Do Not Combine

Gonorrhea

Do Not Combine

Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions

Do Not Combine

Levonorgestrel may interact with Pulse Frequency

There are 20 known major drug interactions with Kurvelo.

Common Kurvelo Drug Interactions

Drug Name

Risk Level

Description

Astemizole

Major

The metabolism of Astemizole can be decreased when combined with Levonorgestrel.

Axitinib

Major

The metabolism of Axitinib can be decreased when combined with Levonorgestrel.

Cabazitaxel

Major

The metabolism of Cabazitaxel can be decreased when combined with Levonorgestrel.

Copanlisib

Major

The metabolism of Copanlisib can be decreased when combined with Levonorgestrel.

Crizotinib

Major

The metabolism of Crizotinib can be decreased when combined with Levonorgestrel.

Kurvelo Toxicity & Overdose Risk

The lowest toxic dose of levonorgestrel in rats is greater than 5000mg/kg. Overdosing on this drug can cause nausea and bleeding. Treatment for overdose includes symptomatic care and contacting a local poison control center. There is no specific antidote for a levonorgestrel overdose.

image of a doctor in a lab doing drug, clinical research

Kurvelo Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Kurvelo?

99 active clinical trials are currently being conducted to assess the utility of Kurvelo in treating Postmenopausal Osteoporosis, Women who have had at least 1 child and Endometrial Hyperplasia.

Condition

Clinical Trials

Trial Phases

Endometriosis

28 Actively Recruiting

Phase 3, Not Applicable, Phase 4, Early Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 1

Hot flashes

30 Actively Recruiting

Not Applicable, Phase 2, Phase 4, Early Phase 1, Phase 3, Phase 1

Menorrhagia

0 Actively Recruiting

Has had at least 1 child

0 Actively Recruiting

Endometrial Hyperplasia

3 Actively Recruiting

Not Applicable, Phase 2

moderate Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms

0 Actively Recruiting

Menopause

0 Actively Recruiting

Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal

0 Actively Recruiting

Emergency Contraception

1 Actively Recruiting

Phase 4

Kurvelo Reviews: What are patients saying about Kurvelo?

5

Patient Review

8/1/2016

Kurvelo for Birth Control

I started seeing results within the first week, but unfortunately one of those results was water retention and weight gain. I stuck it out for nine weeks in the hopes that things would get better, but they didn't so I'm trying a different treatment tomorrow. Additionally, I had really bad PMS while on this medication; more specifically, extreme sadness and irritability. Overall, not a great experience for me.

5

Patient Review

10/29/2021

Kurvelo for Painful Periods

I've been using Kurvelo for a while now, and it's the only birth control that doesn't make me break out. I was upset when my pharmacy told me they couldn't get it anymore, but luckily I was able to find another one that does.

5

Patient Review

7/8/2020

Kurvelo for Birth Control

I've had almost no negative side effects from this medication, and it's been working great for me. I've been taking it regularly for three years now.

4.7

Patient Review

1/15/2017

Kurvelo for Birth Control

I'm wondering if this birth control will make my period come every three months or every month?

4.7

Patient Review

9/10/2015

Kurvelo for Birth Control

4.3

Patient Review

6/11/2017

Kurvelo for Abnormally Long or Heavy Periods

I've been using this pill for almost three years now. It's lightened my period flow and cramps a lot, which is great. I have recently started spotting between cycles, though, which wasn't happening before. Has anyone else experienced this?

4

Patient Review

3/1/2017

Kurvelo for Birth Control

This medication has lightened my menstrual flow and reduced the number of blood clots I experience. It's also been great in preventing pregnancy with few side effects. Overall, I'm very pleased with it.

4

Patient Review

11/27/2017

Kurvelo for Birth Control

I started Kurvelo recently to help with my PCOS, and it's been working great so far! I used to go up to two months without a period, and now they're much more regular. The only downside is that I've been having really bad cramps (which I never had before) and a very heavy flow.

3.7

Patient Review

1/28/2021

Kurvelo for Birth Control

I would not recommend this birth control to anyone. It has caused me a great deal of emotional distress and I have gained weight since starting it.

3.7

Patient Review

6/7/2016

Kurvelo for Birth Control

I was given this at the pharmacy as a generic form of Altavera, but I have been experiencing spotting and heavy bleeding since taking it. There is a vast difference between this and the brand name; I'm going to switch back when I am able to refill my prescription.

2.3

Patient Review

10/14/2016

Kurvelo for Birth Control

I've been on this medication for six months. At first, the hormonal changes made me a little emotional, but that only lasted for a month or two. After that, it's been great-- effective and my periods are super light and painless.

2

Patient Review

5/24/2021

Kurvelo for Birth Control

I cannot recommend this birth control because it has been absolutely terrible for me. I've experienced nausea, heartburn, throwing up, crying, and mood swings. It's been a nightmare.

1

Patient Review

5/17/2020

Kurvelo for Abnormally Long or Heavy Periods

I had a migraine and this treatment did not help at all.

Patient Q&A Section about kurvelo

These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.

Is Kurvelo birth control good?

"There is no 100% effective method of birth control currently, but oral contraceptives like Kurvelo® have been shown to be highly effective. In studies, it has been shown that for every 100 women taking birth control, less than 1 will become pregnant when taking the medication as prescribed."

Answered by AI

What are the side effects of Kurvelo?

"The following side effects may occur: nausea, vomiting, headache, bloating, breast tenderness, swelling of ankles/feet (fluid retention), or weight change. Spotting (vaginal bleeding between periods) or missed/irregular periods may occur, especially during the first few months of use."

Answered by AI

What kind of birth control pill is Kurvelo?

"Kurvelo is a pill used for contraception to prevent pregnancy. It belongs to a class of drugs called Estrogens/Progestins, which are oral contraceptives. It can be used alone or with other medications."

Answered by AI

Does Kurvelo birth control make you gain weight?

"Possible side effects of this medication may include: breast tenderness; breakthrough bleeding; acne; darkening of facial skin; weight gain; or."

Answered by AI

Clinical Trials for Kurvelo

Image of Citruslabs in Las Vegas, United States.

Primal Meno+ Supplement for Menopause

40 - 60
Female
Las Vegas, NV

This study evaluates the effects of Primal Harvest's Primal Meno+ supplement on symptoms of menopause and overall well-being in females aged 40-60 who are currently menopausal and experiencing at least two menopausal symptoms. Over a 12-week period, 40 participants will take one capsule of the test product daily with their first meal of the day. Participants will complete self-reported questionnaires at Baseline, Week 4, Week 8, and Week 12 to assess menopausal symptoms (including hot flashes, night sweats, sleep quality, stress resilience, and emotional well-being) and overall health and well-being. This is a single-arm, open-label, virtual trial with no randomization or blinding.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

Citruslabs

Primal Harvest, LLC

Image of Alethios in San Francisco, United States.

Fiber Supplement for Endometriosis

18 - 45
Female
San Francisco, CA

This study is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study that evaluates the safety and tolerability of a fiber-based dietary supplement and the mechanistic and structure-function effects of that supplement on the gut and vaginal microbiome, gastrointestinal well-being, and quality-of-life parameters in 140 women with endometriosis and co-existing gastrointestinal symptoms over 12 weeks. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the supplement, measured by the incidence and severity of gastrointestinal adverse events (AEs) and discontinuations. Secondary objectives include assessing the fibers impact on gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life through the use of custom questionnaires built for the study population and evaluation of other endometriosis related parameters such as pelvic discomfort. Exploratory objectives focus on the exploration of the gut and vaginal microbiomes, their connection to endometriosis, and how they are impacted by the study product.

Recruiting
Paid Trial

Alethios

Bryce Jarman, PhD

Alethios, Inc.

Image of St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton in Hamilton, Canada.

Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Hot Flashes

40 - 60
Female
Hamilton, Canada

Given the impact that hot flashes and night sweats can have on daily life during the menopausal transition, our team has developed a therapist-guided online cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)- based program to help individuals manage these symptoms. An online program may help address systemic barriers to in-person care, such as cost, time, travel, and caregiving needs. The broad aim of this pilot clinical trial is to examine the experience of a four-week therapist-guided online CBT-based program for menopause-related hot flashes and night sweats. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the four-week online program, including how participants experience the program and how well they are able to complete it at home. The secondary objective is to explore whether the program may help with hot flashes and night sweats, and related concerns such as sleep, mood, anxiety, and quality of life. Exploratory analyses will examine whether changes in these outcomes are maintained three months after completing the program. Researchers will compare participants who receive the program immediately with participants who wait four weeks before receiving it. Participants will: * Complete online questionnaires about their symptoms and well-being. * Complete four weekly online lessons and activities. * Meet briefly with a guide each week for guidance and support. * Complete follow-up questionnaires after the program and three months later.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton

Sheryl M Green, PhD, CPsych

Image of MusB Research LLC in New Port Richey, United States.

Ashoka Bark and Shatavari for Menopause

40 - 65
Female
New Port Richey, FL

This 12-week randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of a daily oral supplement containing Ashoka Bark and Shatavari in women experiencing menopausal symptoms. Up to 50 participants will be randomized to receive either the active supplement or placebo, with 40 participants expected to complete the study. Participants will attend visits at Weeks 0, 6, and 12, where hormone levels (FSH and estradiol), menopausal symptoms, quality of life, anxiety, cognitive function, and sleep will be assessed using validated measures. The study will also explore changes in the vaginal microbiome and monitor safety and adherence throughout the trial. The study will be conducted at MusB Research in New Port Richey, Florida.

Recruiting
Dietary Supplement

MusB Research LLC

Vidya USA Corporation

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Image of University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada.

Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy for Endometriosis

18 - 50
Female
Edmonton, Canada

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition where there is abnormal tissue growing in the pelvis or other places in the body that resembles the lining of the uterus (endometrium), and is a common cause of long lasting pelvic pain. Surgery is sometimes done for endometriosis to help people with pain, however it is common for people to have some pain after surgery that doesn't go away. This may be related to other painful things like muscle pain in the pelvis, bowel or bladder issues, or mental health conditions. Researchers would like to know if doing pelvic floor physiotherapy before surgery for endometriosis will help people with long lasting pain after surgery. Participants in the study will be randomly put into one of two groups: the intervention group, who will receive two to three structured in-person pelvic floor physiotherapy sessions prior to surgery ("prehabilitation"), in addition to usual surgical care, or the control group, who will receive usual surgical care, and may still access physiotherapy outside of the study if they want to. All participants will complete questionnaires before surgery, after completing prehabilitation or immediately before surgery if they are part of the control group, approximately 6 weeks after surgery, 6 months after surgery, and 12 months after surgery. The questionnaires ask about endometriosis-related pain, quality of life, bladder and bowel symptoms, and mental well-being.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

University of Alberta

Alicia Long, MD, MSc, FRCSC

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Image of Novum Pharmaceutical Research Services in Las Vegas, United States.

Estradiol/Levonorgestrel Patch for Menopause

40 - 75
Female
Las Vegas, NV

The two products used in this study are transdermal patches that contain selegiline. The test drug is the Estradiol/Levonorgestrel Transdermal Delivery System (TDS). The comparator drug is the Climara Pro® TDS. The purpose of this research study is to compare how the skin tolerates the test TDS and the comparator TDS. The study will evaluate and compare skin irritation and possible allergic-type skin reactions (sensitization) caused by the two products. The comparison will be based on how the skin responds to repeated applications of each TDS. This includes the assessment of skin irritation during the Induction Period and the evaluation of possible allergic or sensitization reactions after the Challenge Period. In addition, the adhesion of each patch (how well the patch sticks to the skin over time) will be regularly checked, as this is important for both product performance and skin safety.

Phase 1
Recruiting

Novum Pharmaceutical Research Services

Corium Innovations, Inc.

Image of UConn Health in Farmington, United States.

Educational Videos for Pre-operative Anxiety

18+
Female
Farmington, CT

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if educational videos can reduce pre-operative anxiety in patients undergoing minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. The main question it aims to answer are: do patient education videos decrease preoperative anxiety? do patient education videos increase patient preparedness for surgery? Researchers will compare the group who watched the videos preoperatively to the group who only underwent the usual counseling at the preoperative visit to see if the results of a survey that measures anxiety and preparedness differ. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: one group that will be asked to watch the educational videos and one group that will not. All participants will attend their pre-operative appointment as usual and complete a survey afterwards.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

UConn Health

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