Plaquenil

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Q Fever, Malaria + 7 more

Treatment

14 FDA approvals

20 Active Studies for Plaquenil

What is Plaquenil

Hydroxychloroquine

The Generic name of this drug

Treatment Summary

Hydroxychloroquine is a medication used to treat and prevent malaria. It is also used to treat autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, discoid lupus erythematosus, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Hydroxychloroquine was developed during World War II as a less severe alternative to quinacrine, and was approved by the FDA in 1955. In 2020, the FDA revoked its emergency use authorization for the treatment of COVID-19 due to a fatality in the group being treated with hydroxychloroquine.

Plaquenil

is the brand name

image of different drug pills on a surface

Plaquenil Overview & Background

Brand Name

Generic Name

First FDA Approval

How many FDA approvals?

Plaquenil

Hydroxychloroquine

1955

107

Approved as Treatment by the FDA

Hydroxychloroquine, also known as Plaquenil, is approved by the FDA for 14 uses which include Malaria and Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid .

Malaria

Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid

Malaria

Lupus

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Helps manage Rheumatoid Arthritis

Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale

Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE)

Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium Vivax

Plasmodium Infections

Malaria

Malaria

Malaria

Effectiveness

How Plaquenil Affects Patients

Hydroxychloroquine affects the functioning of a certain cell structure in humans and malaria. This alters the pH of the cells, which can help treat autoimmune diseases and makes it harder for malaria to get energy from hemoglobin. Hydroxychloroquine is generally taken once a week, but people with diabetes should keep track of their blood sugar levels as it can cause low blood sugar. It is not effective against malaria in areas where chloroquine resistance has been reported.

How Plaquenil works in the body

Hydroxychloroquine works in a few different ways to fight against malaria and other viruses. It accumulates in the parasite's lysosomes, which raises the acidity and makes it harder for the parasite to feed on hemoglobin. It can also block the action of the parasite's heme polymerase. In humans, the drug raises acidity in cells, preventing them from presenting antigens to autoimmune cells. It also reduces the release of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, it raises acidity in endosomes, which blocks viruses from fusing and entering cells. Finally, it prevents the glycosylation of ACE

When to interrupt dosage

The suggested measure of Plaquenil is contingent upon the recognized ailment, including Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid, Sjögren's Syndrome and Malaria. The dosage likewise fluctuates as per the technique of administration (e.g. Oral or Tablet) outlined in the table beneath.

Condition

Dosage

Administration

Q Fever

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral

Malaria

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral

Rheumatoid Arthritis

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral

Lupus

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral

Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral

Malaria

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral

Malaria

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral

Malaria

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral

Malaria

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

, 200.0 mg, 400.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 100.0 mg

, Oral, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Enteral, Tablet, film coated - Enteral

Warnings

Plaquenil Contraindications

Condition

Risk Level

Notes

Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions

Do Not Combine

Hydroxychloroquine may interact with Pulse Frequency

There are 20 known major drug interactions with Plaquenil.

Common Plaquenil Drug Interactions

Drug Name

Risk Level

Description

2-Methoxyethanol

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroxychloroquine is combined with 2-Methoxyethanol.

7-Nitroindazole

Major

The therapeutic efficacy of 7-Nitroindazole can be decreased when used in combination with Hydroxychloroquine.

9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroxychloroquine is combined with 9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A.

Abetimus

Major

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydroxychloroquine is combined with Abetimus.

Acebutolol

Major

The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be decreased when Hydroxychloroquine is combined with Acebutolol.

Plaquenil Toxicity & Overdose Risk

An overdose of hydroxychloroquine can result in headache, drowsiness, vision problems, extreme fatigue, low potassium levels, and abnormal heart rhythms. To treat the overdose, a person should receive activated charcoal at least five times the dose of hydroxychloroquine within 30 minutes and may additionally receive Diazepam, blood transfusions, fluids, and ammonium chloride to help excrete the drug. They may also receive epinephrine if necessary. Patients should be monitored for at least 6 hours after treatment.

image of a doctor in a lab doing drug, clinical research

Plaquenil Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Plaquenil?

There are 141 ongoing clinical trials to determine the effectiveness of Plaquenil in treating Rheumatoid Arthritis, Q Fever and Porphyria Cutanea Tarda.

Condition

Clinical Trials

Trial Phases

Lupus

63 Actively Recruiting

Phase 2, Phase 1, Phase 3, Not Applicable, Phase 4, Early Phase 1

Q Fever

0 Actively Recruiting

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid

0 Actively Recruiting

Malaria

4 Actively Recruiting

Not Applicable, Phase 1

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Rheumatoid Arthritis

63 Actively Recruiting

Not Applicable, Phase 3, Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 4

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

0 Actively Recruiting

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Plaquenil Reviews: What are patients saying about Plaquenil?

5

Patient Review

1/1/2018

Plaquenil for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

I had a serious reaction to this drug. My body broke out in hives, then turned purple, and I looked like a giant bruise. Then it peeled- there was not a spot on my body that did not peel. I retained water, my legs and arms swelled causing major blisters that left permanent scars on my legs, and I also had hair loss. This caused me to miss 3 weeks of work- it was a HORRIBLE experience.

4.7

Patient Review

3/19/2018

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

I implore you to not be scared off by the potential side effects you might read about online. This drug completely changed my life for the better; it saved me from a lot of pain and suffering. Yes, there can be some gastrointestinal issues at first, but they're nothing that time and patience can't fix.

4

Patient Review

8/29/2018

Plaquenil for Malaria caused by the Protozoa Plasmodium Vivax

I've been taking this medication for five months to help manage my mild RA. I'm glad to report that it's helped reduce my pain and morning stiffness significantly.

3.7

Patient Review

7/21/2019

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

This medication has helped me with my joint pain, however I've been having issues with my eyes every two to three weeks. They get red and itchy, and the light really bothers them. My doctor says it's allergy related.

3.7

Patient Review

4/22/2017

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

This medication is decreasing the inflammation and pain I was experiencing. At first, my doctor said to take it in the morning after breakfast but that made me too nauseous because there wasn't enough food in my system. So, I switched to taking it after dinner instead and haven't had any problems since. Additionally, it's cleared up scabs on my arms that wouldn't heal for years. So far so good--no hair loss yet either but I've only been on the medication for one month.

3.7

Patient Review

1/15/2017

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

3.3

Patient Review

3/18/2018

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

My daughter was diagnosed with Juvenile Psoriatic Arthritis and prescribed Plaquenil. It helped her pain and swelling a lot, but has also suppressed her immune system, resulting in some secondary infections. All things considered, we're pretty satisfied.

3

Patient Review

8/21/2019

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

I've been taking this medication for a few months now, but I still struggle with stiffness in my fingers and joints. Additionally, it takes a little while for the medicine to "kick in."

2.3

Patient Review

1/2/2017

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

2

Patient Review

8/5/2020

Plaquenil for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

My wife started having vision problems after being on this drug for eighteen months. She is now legally blind with just some periphial vision left.

2

Patient Review

10/3/2017

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

I experienced too many side effects with this treatment.

2

Patient Review

9/3/2018

Plaquenil for Rheumatoid Arthritis

The lack of versatility in dosage was frustrating, as I needed a different amount than what this came in.
image of drug pills surrounding a glass of water symbolizing drug consumption

Patient Q&A Section about plaquenil

These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.

Is Plaquenil a steroid?

"Plaquenil falls into a group of drugs called disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), which are used to decrease inflammation that does the damage in many types of arthritis."

Answered by AI

What are the most common side effects of Plaquenil?

"You could experience some side effects from taking this medication, such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, dizziness, or headache. If any of these effects last or get worse, let your doctor or pharmacist know. Keep in mind that your doctor prescribed this medication because they believe the benefits to you are greater than any potential risks of side effects."

Answered by AI

What does Plaquenil do to the eyes?

"Plaquenil interferes with retinal pigment cells, which can result in blurry or distorted vision. In severe cases, the macula (the central part of the retina that provides clear vision) may be completely destroyed."

Answered by AI

What is Plaquenil prescribed for?

"Hydroxychloroquine is a drug that is used to prevent and treat malaria. It is classified as a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD). DMARDs are drugs that can decrease the pain and swelling of arthritis, as well as prevent joint damage and reduce the risk of long-term disability."

Answered by AI

Clinical Trials for Plaquenil

Image of Northwestern Medicine Rheumatology in Chicago, United States.

Patient-Reported Outcomes Dashboard for Inflammatory Arthritis

18+
All Sexes
Chicago, IL

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether showing patient-reported symptoms and personal treatment goals to rheumatology clinicians on a dashboard in the electronic health record improves shared decision-making for adults with rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do patients whose clinicians use the dashboard report more shared decision-making during their rheumatology visits than patients who receive usual care? * Do patients in the dashboard group report greater progress toward their personal goals and more confidence in managing their symptoms after 6 months? Researchers will compare the dashboard group to a usual care group to see if the dashboard improves shared decision-making, goal attainment, and self-efficacy. Participants will: * Complete a routine symptom questionnaire before their rheumatology visits, as all clinic patients do * Choose personal treatment goals and rate their progress toward those goals 6 months later * Complete short surveys before and after two rheumatology visits about 6 months apart Participants in the dashboard group will also complete questionnaires in the patient portal about pain, fatigue, physical function, sleep, and morning stiffness before each visit. Their answers and goals will be shown to their clinician on a dashboard to guide the conversation during the visit.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

Northwestern Medicine Rheumatology

Image of National Institutes of Health Clinical Center in Bethesda, United States.

Imaging Scans for Malaria

18 - 54
All Sexes
Bethesda, MD

Background: Malaria is a serious disease caused by parasites spread by mosquitoes. To better diagnose and treat malaria, researchers need to learn more about where the parasites go when they enter a person's body. They want to see if they can locate the malaria parasites in the body using imaging scans. Objective: To learn whether imaging scans can locate parasites in people with malaria. Eligibility: Healthy people aged 18 to 54 years. They must be enrolled in protocol IRB001970 or IRB002627 for controlled malaria infection. Design: Participants will be screened. They will have blood drawn and a physical exam, including an abdominal exam to check the size of their spleen. Participants for this study will have 2 or 3 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans: The first will be about 3 days before they are deliberately infected with malaria for a different study. The second will be about 13 days later, while they have the disease. The third scan is optional; it will be done about 3 and 1/2 weeks after the second scan. For each scan, participants will receive a radioactive tracer called fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). FDG will be injected through a tube inserted into a vein. They will lie on a table that slides through a doughnut-shaped machine. PET/CT uses x-rays to create images of the inside of the body. All participants will have a follow-up visit about 3 and 1/2 weeks after the second scan. The blood draw and physical exam will be repeated. This visit may be combined with the third scan for those who choose it.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Shanan R Immel, M.D.

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Image of University of Alabama at Birmingham in Birmingham, United States.

High-Intensity Interval Training for Lupus

18 - 65
All Sexes
Birmingham, AL

Systemic lupus erythematosus, or SLE, is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause persistent fatigue, muscle pain, reduced physical function, and impaired quality of life, even when the disease is otherwise clinically stable. The biological mechanisms contributing to these symptoms are not fully understood. Abnormal energy production within skeletal muscle and increased fat accumulation within the muscle may contribute to fatigue and reduced physical performance in people with SLE. This pilot study will evaluate the effects of a 16-week personalized, home-based exercise program in 20 adults with stable SLE and clinically significant fatigue. The program will include three exercise sessions per week: bodyweight high-intensity interval training, strength training, and walking-based interval training. Sessions will be adapted to each participant's fitness, mobility, symptoms, and exercise tolerance. Some sessions will be supervised remotely by video, while others will be completed independently using personalized recorded instructions. Participants will undergo assessments before and after the 16-week program. These assessments will examine skeletal muscle mitochondrial function, fat accumulation within the thigh muscles, physical performance, fatigue, quality of life, and blood-based markers of mitochondrial function and inflammation. The study will help determine whether a personalized home-based exercise program can improve muscle health and physical function in people with SLE and will provide information needed to design larger future studies.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

University of Alabama at Birmingham (+1 Sites)

Jose E Rubio, MD

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We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Plaquenil, we think they might fit your search criteria.
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Nurse-led Telehealth for Rheumatoid Arthritis

18+
All Sexes
Montreal, Canada

Canada urgently needs new ways to provide rheumatology care that improve treatment and make it easier for people to get high-quality care. E-health technology is a new and promising way to do this, but it hasn't been studied much yet in rheumatology. The investigators will test a new way to help people with rheumatoid arthritis at four clinics in Quebec. This study will check if the new approach is easy to use, fits well into the clinics' daily routine, and if both patients and healthcare workers find it helpful and acceptable. This new approach involves nurses helping patients check their own health from home using an online platform. 104 adults who have rheumatoid arthritis and who have had a flare-up or a change in their medication in the last three months, will participate. Some will start using the online self-monitoring tool right away for 16 months, while others will continue with their usual care for 8 months before trying the tool. During the time they use the tool, they will fill out monthly online questionnaires to check their health. A rheumatology nurse will review their answers, suggest any needed care, provide personalized health information, and be available to answer questions through messages. This new way of care, where nurses help patients monitor their rheumatoid arthritis from home, helps make better use of limited specialist time. It's more convenient for patients, especially those who live far away, and helps meet their needs between regular doctor visits while keeping the quality of care high.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

Hopital general de Montreal (+3 Sites)

Laetitia Michou, MD PhD

Image of Resilient Roots: Functional Medicine in Charlottesville, United States.

Ketogenic and Carnivore Diets for Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis

18 - 64
All Sexes
Charlottesville, VA

This study is a randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating whether two therapeutic dietary approaches - a ketogenic diet and a carnivore (lion) diet - can improve quality of life, reduce symptoms, and influence measures of disease activity in adults with inflammatory bowel disease \[ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease\] (IBD) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Participants will be randomized into one of three groups: 1) Ketogenic Diet, 2) Carnivore (Lion) Diet or 3) Wait-List Control. Participants randomized to a dietary group (ketogenic diet or carnivore diet) will be provided guidance on their specific dietary therapy and answer questions about their symptoms and quality of life at different intervals over a 24 week period. Participants will also complete laboratory testing at different intervals to assess for changes in nutritional status, cardiometabolic health and markers of immune activation and inflammation. Participants initially placed on the wait-list group will be asked similar questions about their symptoms and quality of life and complete the same laboratory testing as participants in a dietary group. Participants on the wait list will then be compared to participants following a specific dietary pattern to assess for any differences between the 2 groups. After 12 weeks, participants on the wait list will be randomized to a dietary group (ketogenic diet or carnivore diet) and followed in a similar fashion for an additional 12 week period.

Recruiting
Has No Placebo

Resilient Roots: Functional Medicine

Robert D Abbott, MD

Image of Wallace & Lee Center in Beverly Hills, United States.

BI 3000202 for Lupus

18 - 74
All Sexes
Beverly Hills, CA

This study is open to adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The purpose of this study is to find out whether a medicine called BI 3000202 helps people with SLE. The study tests different doses of BI 3000202 and aims to find the best dose for people with this condition. Participants are put into 5 groups randomly, which means by chance. 4 groups get different doses of BI 3000202, and 1 group gets a placebo. Placebo tablets look like BI 3000202 tablets but do not contain any medicine. Participants take the tablets for 1 year. All participants also continue their regular treatment for SLE. Participants are in the study for a bit longer than 1 year. During this time, they visit the study site regularly. Doctors check the participants' health and take note of any unwanted effects. They also compare the results between the groups to see if the treatment works.

Phase 2
Recruiting

Wallace & Lee Center (+28 Sites)

Boehringer Ingelheim

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