Lactoferrin for Iron Deficiency in Exercising Women

(EFF Trial)

This trial tests whether lactoferrin, a natural protein, can improve iron levels and boost performance in women who exercise regularly and have low iron stores. Participants will receive either a low or high dose of lactoferrin combined with a small amount of iron, or a placebo with iron, while researchers monitor their fitness and iron levels over eight weeks. The trial aims to determine if lactoferrin can enhance iron balance and athletic performance. Women who frequently exercise and have low iron levels, particularly those in endurance events, might be ideal candidates for this study. As an unphased trial, this study provides a unique opportunity to explore lactoferrin's potential benefits for enhancing athletic performance and iron balance.

The trial does not specify if you need to stop taking your current medications. However, you must not start any new vitamins, minerals, or dietary supplements during the study and avoid taking them 24 hours before study visits. If you are on psychiatric medication, your regimen must be stable for at least 3 months with no changes expected during the study.

A previous study demonstrated that bovine lactoferrin (from cows) is a safe addition to human diets, making it popular for those seeking to improve iron levels. Research has shown that human lactoferrin, like the one used in this trial, is gentle on the stomach and avoids the issues often associated with other iron supplements. Another study found that lactoferrin can boost iron levels without the side effects of traditional iron pills. Overall, lactoferrin is considered a safe option for increasing iron, making it promising for individuals with low iron levels.¹²³⁴⁵

Most treatments for iron deficiency in exercising women involve oral iron supplements, which can sometimes cause digestive issues. Unlike these standard treatments, lactoferrin is a protein that helps the body absorb iron more efficiently. Researchers are excited because lactoferrin may also have anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting benefits, potentially offering a more holistic approach to managing iron deficiency. The trial is testing two dosages: a low-dose and a high-dose lactoferrin, to determine the most effective amount for improving iron levels without side effects.

Research has shown that combining lactoferrin with iron improves iron levels more effectively than taking iron alone. One study found that adding lactoferrin increased iron storage in the blood by 3.52 µg/L compared to taking iron alone. Other studies have demonstrated that lactoferrin enhances overall iron levels, including hemoglobin and total iron in the blood. In this trial, participants will receive either a low-dose or high-dose of lactoferrin combined with iron, or a placebo with iron. In female athletes, lactoferrin has shown promise in preventing anemia and enhancing performance. These findings suggest that lactoferrin could improve iron levels and athletic performance in women with low iron.⁴⁶⁷⁸⁹