Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Traumatic Brain Injury

(taVNS Trial)

This trial tests a new treatment called transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) to assist individuals with upper body weakness following a traumatic brain injury (TBI). The goal is to determine if gentle electrical stimulation to the ear, combined with physical therapy, can enhance arm and hand function and cognitive skills. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the active taVNS treatment or a sham (inactive) version for comparison. Individuals who have experienced a TBI, have difficulty using their arms or hands, and can attend sessions at Craig Hospital three times a week may be suitable for this study. As an unphased trial, this study provides a unique opportunity to explore innovative treatment options for TBI recovery.

Research has shown that transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is generally safe. This method gently stimulates the outer ear with mild electrical pulses. Studies have found that patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) tolerate taVNS well, with no obvious side effects reported.

Researchers are excited about transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) for traumatic brain injury because it offers a non-invasive way to potentially aid recovery. Unlike standard treatments that might involve medication or more invasive procedures, taVNS uses a simple earbud electrode to stimulate the vagus nerve through the skin, which could enhance brain function and support rehabilitation. This method allows for personalized adjustment of stimulation levels, making it more comfortable and adaptable for individual needs. The non-invasiveness and customization of taVNS present a promising alternative to existing therapies.

Research has shown that stimulating the vagus nerve through the skin of the ear (taVNS) could aid recovery from brain injuries. In this trial, participants will join either an active taVNS group or a sham taVNS group. One study found that patients with brain injuries experienced significant improvements in their abilities using this method. Another study reported that taVNS enhanced awareness and thinking skills. Although some studies noted improvements in both the active treatment and placebo groups, taVNS's ability to activate brain pathways related to learning and change makes it a promising option for rehabilitation. The treatment is generally safe and well-tolerated, with improvements observed in movement and thinking abilities.⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰